QUICK FACTS
Created Jan 0001
Status Verified Sarcastic
Type Existential Dread
Keywords
qazi, qazi syed inayatullah, gurgaon, nuh district, gardēzī sadaat, hakim syed karam husain, tijara, alwar, changez khan

Syed Rafi Mohammad

“Partner: Syed Shamsuddin Sani (alias Syed Chajju Jagat...”

Contents
  • 1. Overview
  • 2. Etymology
  • 3. Cultural Impact

Qazi Syed Rafi Mohammad

Died: 1679 (or 1680)

Known for: Qazi and Scholar

Spouse(s): Latifun Nisan and Kafia

Partner: Syed Shamsuddin Sani (alias Syed Chajju Jagat Jaut)

Children: Mohammad Baqar, Qazi Syed Inayatullah , Mohammad Asadullah, Mohammad Atiqullah, Mohammad Rizqullah, Bibi Rasti, Mir Imamudin, Mir Amanullah, Sahib Daulat and Mah Bibi

Relatives: Mir Imaduddin ibn Syed Shamsuddin (Grandfather)

Qāḍī Sayyid Rāfiʿ Muḥammad Dasondhi, known in Urdu as قاضي سيد رافع محمد, passed away around 1090 AH, which corresponds to approximately 1679 AD. He was a scholar of considerable renown from Sakras, a village in the District of Gurgaon , which is now part of the Nuh district in Haryana. His lineage traces back to the esteemed family of Gardēzī Sadaat .

Biography

Qazi Syed Rafi Mohammad, also referred to as Qazi Dasondhi, was a distinguished scholar hailing from Sakras in the Gurgaon district of Haryana. His family, the Gardēzī Sadaat , was well-respected. It is worth noting that many of his legal judgments, rendered as an Islamic lawyer, were meticulously preserved in the library of Hakim Syed Karam Husain in Tijara , within the region of Alwar . This collection serves as a testament to his legal acumen and scholarly contributions.

Family History

The ancestral roots of Qazi Syed Rafi Mohammad’s family lie in Iran. Following the devastating massacres orchestrated by Changez khan in Iran, members of his family embarked on a migration. They first settled in Sabzwar before journeying to India. Their passage through Gardēz in Afghanistan occurred during the reign of Sultan Shams-ud-din Iltutmish , who ruled from 1211 to 1235. Upon their arrival in India , this lineage became recognized as Gardēzī Sadaat , a distinction that earned them numerous honorific titles bestowed by the Mughal emperors .

According to the chronicles of Shaikh Abdul-Haqq Dehlavi in his work Akhbarul Akhyar, two brothers, Mir Syed Shahabuddin and Mir Syed Shamsuddin Daod, both belonging to the Gardezi Sadaat lineage, arrived in Delhi during the era of Iltutmish. The descendants of Mir Syed Shahabuddin established themselves in Manikpur , while the family of Mir Syed Shamsuddin Daod took up residence in the region of Mewat . From the Manikpur branch, Raji Hamid Shah, a caliph of Shaikh Hisamuddin Manikpuri, emerged as a notable scholar. The individuals who trace their lineage to both these brothers in Mewat and Manikpur are collectively remembered as Gardezi Sadaat . The historical text Tarikhul Aimma fi Zikr Khulafai Ummah by Mir Mahboob Ali further elaborates that certain members of Syed Shamsuddin Daod’s family were also settled in Sabzwar , leading to their occasional identification as Syed Sabzwari.

The historical connection between the Gardez family and the ruling elite extended further. Sultan Iltutmish was well acquainted with Mir Syed Shamsuddin’s family, particularly his father, ‘Mir Zainuddin,’ from Gardez. This familiarity led to Sultan Iltutmish arranging a marriage between his sister and Mir Syed Shamsuddin. Following the sister’s passing, his daughter was then married to Mir Syed Shamsuddin, a union that solidified his ties to the royal court and ensured his continued favor with Sultan Iltutmish. Mir Syed Shamsuddin was the father of two sons: Mir Imaduddin and Mir Azizuddin. His death is recorded as occurring either during the reign of Nasiruddin Mahmud or within the period of Ghiyas ud din Balban .

Due to their close association with Sultan Iltutmish, the family members faced repercussions during the reigns of Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji and subsequently Alauddin Khalji . The turmoil that followed Alauddin Khalji’s assassination of his uncle Jalaluddin Khalji in 1295 AD/695 AH saw many prisoners escape and others perish. Amidst this chaos, Mir Imaduddin, along with his nephew Burhanuddin, managed to escape from prison. They fled Delhi and sought refuge in Ranthambore with Muhammad Shah, a general who had rebelled against Sultan Alauddin Khalji, in 1299 AD. At that time, Hammir Dev Chauhan was the ruling king of Ranthambore Fort . During the invasion by Alauddin Khalji in 701 AH/1301 AD, both Mir Imaduddin and Burhanuddin were tragically martyred and subsequently buried near the gate of the fort.

Following the martyrdom of Mir Imaduddin, his family members, including his son Syed Shamsuddin Sani (also known as Syed Chajju Jagat Jaut), remained in the vicinity of Ranthambore for several decades. Historical accounts, such as those found in Tarikh-i-Firuz_Shahi by Ziauddin Barani , indicate that the families who were prominent during Sultan Iltutmish’s reign and continued to hold influence during Ghiyas ud din Balban ’s rule were ancestral to Syed Chajju.

The name of Syed Chajju Gardezi, also known as Chajju Jagat Jaut, appears in numerous historical texts and scholarly journals. It is widely acknowledged that Islamic mystic saints played a pivotal role in the development of a common linguistic idiom, often referred to as Hindustani . The religious literature of medieval India provides tangible evidence and authentic documentation of this linguistic assimilation, with names like Syed Chajju Gardezi serving as examples.

The historical records pertaining to the period during and immediately after Syed Chajju Gardezi’s life are somewhat fragmented and difficult to trace definitively. However, according to Hakim Syed Karam Husain , the family of Syed Chajju was later granted extensive tracts of land by various rulers in the Mewat region in recognition of their valuable services. Beyond Sakras in Mewat, some descendants of Mir Imaduddin and Mir Burhanuddin also established themselves in Gujarat and the Deccan . Among the Gujarat branch, Qazi Mahmood (born 846 AH / 1442 AD, died 925 AH / 1519 AD) gained recognition as a scholar. Abdul-Haqq Dehlavi (d. 1642 CE) mentions him in his manuscripts as a prominent ‘Sufi Shaikh’ of Gujarat. Qazi Mahmood lived a distinguished life during the Sultanate period of Gujarat in Ahmedabad , during the reign of Sultan Shams-ud Din Muzaffar Shah II, the son of Sultan Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah I . He later relocated to his ancestral hometown of ‘Sarpore’ in Gujarat in 920 AH / 1514 AD, where he spent the remainder of his life.

Qazi Syed Rafi Mohammad (alias Qazi Dasondhi) was the great-great-grandson of Syed Shamsuddin Sani (alias Syed Chajju Jagat Jaut), thus continuing this distinguished lineage.

Marriages, Children, and In-laws

Qazi Syed Rafi Mohammad was married to Latifun Nisan, the eldest daughter of Husain Mohammad ibn Mohammad Jamal. With Latifun Nisan, he was blessed with five sons: Mohammad Baqar, Qazi Syed Inayatullah , Mohammad Asadullah, Mohammad Atiqullah Shaheed, and Mohammad Rizqullah Shaheed. They also had a daughter named Bibi Rasti.

Mohammad Baqar married Sultan Bibi from Palwal . Mohammad Asadullah married the daughter of Fatehullah of Sakras in Haryana. Mohammad Atiqullah married Mehtab Bibi, who was the daughter of Mohammad Khaliq, who in turn was the son of Mohammd Qaim, the son of Mohammad Adam. Both Mohammad Atiqullah and Mohammad Rizqullah achieved the status of martyrdom (Shaheed) during the period of Sipâhigiri .

Bibi Rasti (died in Dhu al-Qi’dah 1147 AH / 1734 AD) was married to Qazi Ghulam Mustafa , who was bestowed with the honorific title of ‘Nawab Kar Talab Khan’ by Bahadur Shah I . Nawab Kar Talab Khan was a notable noble and Emir during the reign of Bahadur Shah I. He received numerous accolades and honors from Shah Alam, including the prestigious Mansab of Do Hazari (2,000) in both zaat and sowar . He passed away on 2 Muharram 1129 AH / 1716 and was buried in Ferozepur Jhirka . An epitaph found in Ferozepur Jhirka marks the death of Kartalab Khan Bahadur, son of Shaikh Muhammad Asaf, in the year 1123 AH (AD 1711).

Khan Zaman Khan Ali Asghar was the son of Bibi Rasti and Nawab Kar Talab Khan (Qazi Ghulam Mustafa ). Nawab Khan Zaman Khan Bahadur Ghalib Jung ‘Ali Asghar’ held the esteemed position of Mansabdar Punj Hazari (5,000) and was an Emir . His career saw him serve as Faujdar at Moazamabad; hold the position of Khidmat Daroghgi Topkhana, overseeing the Armory (military) in Multan ; act as Naib Subahdar at Azimabad (Patna); and eventually become Subahdar of Awadh . These appointments spanned the reigns from Farrukhsiyar to Muhammad Shah . He was also responsible for the construction of the fort at Ferozepur Jhirka . His death occurred in Shahjahanbad (Delhi) on 4 Zil Haj 1155 AH / January 30, 1743.

Following the demise of Latifun Nisan, Syed Rafi Mohammad entered into a second marriage with Kafia, the daughter of Khan Mohammad of Palwal and the sister of Husain Mohammad. By Kafia, he had two sons, Mir Imamudin and Mir Amanullah, and two daughters, Sahib Daulat and Mah Bibi. Sahib Daulat was married to Barkhurdar Khan II, also known as Islam Khan V , while Mah Bibi was married to Noorul Haq, the son of Mian Abdur Rahman of Tijara .

Barkhurdar Khan II alias Islam Khan V (died 21 Safar 1147 AH / 1734 AD) was the son of Barkhurdar Khan I and the great-grandson of Islam Khan I . Barkhurdar Khan II held the rank of Mansabdar Punj Hazari (5,000) and was also granted the title of ‘Islam Khan’ by Shah Alam. He served as ‘Darogha Dīwān-e-Khās’ (Superintendent of the Diwan-i-Khas ) and received the prestigious Khalat -e Fakhra and Khalat -e Barani. Prior to his retirement from court, he held the position of ‘Mir Atash’ (Master Gunner) under Bahadur Shah I. He was later reinstated to his rank of 5,000 (comprising 3,000 horse) and appointed as Mir Tuzak Awwal (Chief Quarter-Master General). Sahib Daulat and Barkhurdar II were parents to two sons: the elder son, Ghulam Baqi, also known as Maddan, was bestowed with the title ‘Barkhurdar Khan’ (Barkhurdar III). His younger son, Ghulam Mohammad, known as Saddan, was tragically killed (martyred ) during the conflict between the English forces and Shuja-ud-Daula in 1765.

The nomenclature of Mughal ranks included titles such as Nawab , Subahdar , Mansabdar , Subedar , and Sawar . Princes within the Mughal hierarchy were frequently granted the honorific titles of Mir and Mirza .

Legacy and Descendants

  • Mohammad Baqar was the father of three daughters. The eldest daughter, Khairun Nisan, married Mohammad Ikram, the son of Sultan Mohammad, also known as Qazi Mian of Palwal . Qazi Mian (Sultan Mohammad) had married Al-Huda, the daughter of Mohammad Arif, who was the son of Hussain Mohammad. The second daughter of Mohammad Baqar, Khaliq Bandi, married Mohammad Muqtada, the son of Qazi Ghulam Murtaza of Tijara. The third daughter, Shaista, married Masahib Ali, the son of Mohammad Atiqullah. Khairun Nisan had a son, Abu Ishaq, and a daughter, Noorun Nisan, who married Mohammad Mureed, the son of Qazi Syed Hayatullah . Khaliq Bandi had one son, Karimuddin.

  • Qazi Syed Inayatullah was married to Bibi Rasheedi, the daughter of Durwesh Mohammad, who was the son of Qazi Dost Mohammad of Pinangwan . All the descendants of Qazi Syed Inayatullah, much like their forefathers, resided in Sakras (Haryana) for approximately 500 years and were widely recognized as the Qadi family or ‘Sadaat-e Sakras’. Hakim Syed Karam Husain was a direct descendant of Qazi Syed Inayatullah .

  • Mohammad Asadullah was the father of one son, Nasiruddin, and three daughters: Hafizah, Zarifah, and Khadijah. Khadijah married Mohammad Azim, the son of Mohammad Taqi, who was the son of Abdul Hadi of Tijara . Aminuddin was the son of Nasiruddin.

  • Mohammad Atiqullah had a son named Masahib Ali, who married his cousin, Shaista.

  • Mohammad Rizqullah passed away in his adulthood while serving as a Spahi . He did not marry.

  • Mir Amanullah was married to Bibi Tajunnisan, the daughter of Abdul Hai, who was the son of Noor Munnawar Nirkhi.

  • Mir Imamuddin was married to Bibi Mendu, the daughter of Mohammad Shuja of Ferozepur Jhirka .

See Also

Notes

The father of Latifun Nisan, Husain Mohammad, was the son of Mohammad Jamal. Mohammad Jamal was the son of Mohammad Adam, who was the son of Zainuddin. Zainuddin was the son of Moinuddin, who was the son of Qazi Fatehullah of Tijara .

The second son of Mohammad Jamal was Mohammad Fazil, who fathered four sons: Farzullah, Mohammad Faiz, Fakhrullah, and Umarullah.

Apart from Moinuddin, Qazi Fatehullah had another son named Qazi Abdullah. The descendants of Qazi Abdullah primarily held the position of “Qazi ” in various cities. In contrast, the Moinuddin family specialized in the profession of technical writing concerning rules and regulations, known as ‘Nirkh Nawesi’. It is noteworthy that different communities adhered to distinct Nirkhs even in similar legal cases. Consequently, Moinuddin’s son (apart from Zainuddin), Ainuddin, and his grandsons, Mohammad Talib, Noor Munnawar Nirkhi, and Ataullah Nirkhi, all engaged in the profession of ‘Nirkh Nawesi’. Ataullah Nirkhi’s son, Abul Fazal, was married to the daughter of Khan Zaman Khan Ali Asghar .